Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a gynecologist to look inside the uterus to evaluate abnormal bleeding and other uterine conditions. At Magnolia Women Medical Center, hysteroscopy may be used for both diagnosis and treatment when appropriate.
A hysteroscope provides a direct view of the uterine cavity through the vagina and cervix.
What is hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus. During the procedure, a doctor uses a thin, lighted instrument called a hysteroscope. The instrument is inserted through the vagina and cervix, so an abdominal incision is generally not required.
Depending on the reason for the procedure, hysteroscopy can be used to investigate symptoms, obtain tissue for evaluation, or treat certain conditions affecting the uterine cavity.
A closer look at the uterine cavity
Hysteroscopy gives the physician a direct view rather than relying only on imaging.
Why might hysteroscopy be recommended?
Your gynecologist may recommend hysteroscopy when symptoms, an examination, or imaging suggests that the uterine cavity needs a closer evaluation.
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Hysteroscopy may help evaluate heavy, prolonged, irregular, or otherwise unexplained uterine bleeding.
Uterine polyps
Polyps inside the uterine cavity can sometimes be identified and removed during hysteroscopy.
Submucosal fibroids
Certain fibroids that project into the uterine cavity may be evaluated or treated using a hysteroscopic approach.
Abnormal imaging
Hysteroscopy can provide additional information when an ultrasound or other test identifies a possible uterine-cavity abnormality.
Infertility evaluation
In selected situations, examining the uterine cavity can help identify abnormalities that may be relevant to fertility evaluation.
Repeated pregnancy loss
Depending on the circumstances, evaluation of the uterine cavity may be part of an investigation into recurrent pregnancy loss.
One procedure can provide important information—and sometimes treatment.
One advantage of hysteroscopy is that it allows the physician to directly see the uterine cavity. In some situations, diagnosis and treatment can occur during the same procedure.
- Examine the uterine cavity
- Investigate abnormal bleeding
- Identify uterine polyps
- Evaluate certain fibroids
- Obtain tissue when indicated
- Remove selected intrauterine abnormalities
How is hysteroscopy performed?
The exact experience depends on the type of hysteroscopy, the reason for the procedure, and whether treatment is performed at the same time.
Preparation
Your physician will review your medical history, symptoms, medications, and any relevant imaging or laboratory results.
Positioning
You will be positioned for the procedure. Depending on the setting, medication may be provided to improve comfort.
Hysteroscope placement
The thin hysteroscope is guided through the vagina and cervix into the uterus.
Examination
The physician examines the uterine cavity and looks for abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or other findings.
Treatment when appropriate
If planned and clinically appropriate, selected abnormalities may be treated or tissue may be obtained for further evaluation.
Diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy
Diagnostic hysteroscopy
Diagnostic hysteroscopy is primarily used to examine the inside of the uterus and determine whether an abnormality is present.
- Evaluation of abnormal bleeding
- Assessment of the uterine cavity
- Investigation of abnormal imaging
- Selected fertility evaluations
Operative hysteroscopy
Operative hysteroscopy is performed when treatment is needed in addition to visualization of the uterine cavity.
- Removal of selected polyps
- Treatment of certain submucosal fibroids
- Treatment of selected adhesions
- Removal of certain intrauterine abnormalities
Recovery and aftercare
Recovery varies depending on the type of hysteroscopy and whether additional treatment was performed.
Cramping
Some patients experience menstrual-like cramping after the procedure.
Light bleeding
Light vaginal bleeding or spotting can occur following hysteroscopy.
Activity
Your physician will provide individualized instructions about returning to normal activities.
Follow-up
Follow-up depends on the findings and whether tissue was collected or treatment was performed.
Follow the specific aftercare instructions provided by your healthcare team. Contact your physician promptly if you develop concerning symptoms such as heavy bleeding, severe or worsening pain, fever, chills, fainting, or other symptoms that worry you.
Why hysteroscopy may be helpful
Direct visualization
The physician can directly inspect the uterine cavity rather than relying only on external imaging.
Minimally invasive approach
The hysteroscope is inserted through the natural vaginal and cervical passage, avoiding an abdominal incision.
Diagnosis and treatment
In selected cases, abnormalities can be evaluated and treated during the same hysteroscopic procedure.
Individualized care
Your physician can determine whether hysteroscopy is appropriate based on your symptoms, history, examination, and previous testing.
Hysteroscopy FAQ
Is hysteroscopy painful?
The level of discomfort varies. Some hysteroscopies may cause cramping similar to menstrual cramps, while anesthesia or medication may be used for other procedures. Your physician will discuss the appropriate approach for your situation.
How long does a hysteroscopy take?
The duration varies depending on whether the procedure is diagnostic or operative and whether additional treatment is needed. Your physician can provide a more specific estimate based on your planned procedure.
Can hysteroscopy remove uterine polyps?
Yes. Selected uterine polyps can be removed hysteroscopically, depending on their size, location, and other clinical factors.
Can hysteroscopy treat fibroids?
Certain fibroids that extend into the uterine cavity, particularly submucosal fibroids, may be treated through hysteroscopy. Not every fibroid is suitable for this approach.
Can hysteroscopy help with abnormal bleeding?
Hysteroscopy can help identify abnormalities within the uterine cavity that may contribute to abnormal bleeding. Additional tests may also be necessary.
Can hysteroscopy help evaluate infertility?
In selected patients, hysteroscopy may be used to evaluate the uterine cavity for abnormalities that could be relevant to a fertility evaluation.
What should I expect after hysteroscopy?
Depending on the procedure, you may experience temporary cramping or light bleeding. Your physician will give you specific instructions regarding medications, activity, and follow-up.
Is hysteroscopy the same as a hysterectomy?
No. Hysteroscopy is a procedure used to examine and sometimes treat the inside of the uterus. A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes the uterus.
Have questions about hysteroscopy?
Talk with our team about your symptoms, test results, and treatment options. We can help you understand whether hysteroscopy may be appropriate for your individual needs.